〔 TECHNICAL DATA 〕 CONVERSION TABLE OF HARDNESS REFERENCE: (SAE J 417) ＊ 1983 revised
〔 TECHNICAL DATA 〕 INDICATIONS OF GEOMETRICALTOLERANCE ON DRAWINGS REFERENCE: JIS B 0021 (1998)
■ Types and Symbols of Geometrical Tolerances Type of tolerance Symbol
Conversion table for approximate values for steel according to Rockwell hardness C scale (1) (HRC) Rock– well hard– ness C scale (HV) Vick– ers hardness Brinell hardness (HB) Ball: 10mm Load: 3000kgf Rockwell hardness (3) Rockwell superficial hardness Diamond conical penetrator Shore hardness (Hs) Tensile strength (Approximate value) MPa (kgf/mm 2 ) (2) Standard ball Tungsten carbide ball (HRA) A scale Load: 60kgf Diamond conical penetrator (HRB) B scale Load: 100kgf Ball of 1.6mm (1/16 in) dia. (HRD) D scale Load: 100kgf Diamond conical penetrator 15–N scale Load: 15kgf 30–N scale Load: 30kgf 45–N scale Load: 45kgf
Definition of tolerance zone
Illustrative Example and explanation
When a tolerance frame is connected to the dimension showing the diameter of a cylinder, the axis of the cylinder must be contained a cylinder of 0.08mm diameter.
φ 0.08
Rockwell hardness C scale (3)
When the symbol φ is attached before the numerical value indicating a tolerance zone, this tolerance zone is a zone in a cylinder of diameter t.
Straightness tolerance
This surface must be contained between two parallel planes only 0.08mm apart.
The tolerance zone is a zone held between two parallel planes only distance t apart.
68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
940 900 865 832 800 772 746 720 697 674 653 633 613 595 577
– – –
– – –
85.6 85.0 84.5 83.9 83.4 82.8 82.3 81.8 81.2 80.7 80.1 79.6 79.0 78.5 78.0 77.4 76.8 76.3 75.9 75.2 74.7 74.1 73.6 73.1 72.5 72.0 71.5 70.9 70.4 69.9 69.4 68.9 68.4 67.9 67.4 66.8 66.3 65.8 65.3 64.7 64.3 63.8 63.3 62.8 62.4 62.0 61.5 61.0 60.5
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
76.9 76.1 75.4 74.5 73.8 73.0 72.2 71.5 70.7 69.9 69.2 68.5 67.7 66.9 66.1 65.4 64.6 63.8 63.1 62.1 61.4 60.8 60.0 59.2 58.5 57.7 56.9 56.2 55.4 54.6 53.8 53.1 52.3 51.5 50.8 50.0 49.2 48.4 47.7 47.0 46.1 45.2 44.6 43.8 43.1 42.1 41.6 40.9 40.1
93.2 92.9 92.5 92.2 91.8 91.4 91.1 90.7 90.2 89.8 89.3 88.9 88.3 87.9 87.4 86.9 86.4 85.9 85.5 85.0 84.5 83.9 83.5 83.0 82.5 82.0 81.5 80.9 80.4 79.9 79.4 78.8 78.3 77.7 77.2 76.6 76.1 75.6 75.0 74.5 73.9 73.3 72.8 72.2 71.6 71.0 70.5 69.9 69.4
84.4 83.6 82.8 81.9 81.1 80.1 79.3 78.4 77.5 76.6 75.7 74.8 73.9 73.0 72.0 71.2 70.2 69.4 68.5 67.6 66.7 65.8 64.8 64.0 63.1 62.2 61.3 60.4 59.5 58.6 57.7 56.8 55.9 55.0 54.2 53.3 52.1 51.3 50.4 49.5 48.6 47.7 46.8 45.9 45.0 44.0 43.2 42.3 41.5
75.4 74.2 73.3 72.0 71.0 69.9 68.8 67.7 66.6 65.5 64.3 63.2 62.0 60.9 59.8 58.5 57.4 56.1 55.0 53.8 52.5 51.4 50.3 49.0 47.8 46.7 45.5 44.3 43.1 41.9 40.8 39.6 38.4 37.2 36.1 34.9 33.7 32.7 31.3 30.1 28.9 27.8 26.7 25.5 24.3 23.1 22.0 20.7 19.6
97 95 92 91 88 87 85 83 81 80 78 76 75
– – – – – – – – – – – – –
68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
0.08
Flatness tolerance
– (739) – (722) – (705) – (688) – (670) – (654) – (634)
The circumference in any section normal to the axis must be contained between two concentric circles 0.1mm apart on the same plane.
The tolerance zone in the considered plane is a zone between two concentric circles only distance t apart.
0.1
Circularity tolerance
Form tolerance
The considered surface must be contained between two coaxial cylinder surfaces only 0.1mm apart.
The tolerance zone is a zone contained between two coaxial cylinder surfaces only distance t apart.
0.1
Cylindricity tolerance
– – – – –
615 595 577 560 543 525 512 496 481 469
In any cross–section parallel to the projection plane, the considered profile must be contained between two lines enveloping the circles of 0.04mm diameter, the centers of which are situated on a line having the theoretically exact profile. The considered surface must be contained between two surfaces enveloping the spheres of diameter 0.02mm, the centers of which are situated on a surface having the theoretically exact profile. The surface shown by the arrow of the leader line must be contained between two planes parallel to the datum plane A and only 0.01mm apart from each other in the direction of the arrow of the leader line. The axis of the cylinder shown by the arrow of the leader line must be contained within a cylinder of diameter 0.01mm perpendicular to the datum plane A.
74 2075 (212) 72 2015 (205) 71 1950 (199) 69 1880 (192) 68 1820 (186) 67 1760 (179) 66 1695 (173) 64 1635 (167) 63 1580 (161) 62 1530 (156) 60 1480 (151) 58 1435 (146) 57 1385 (141) 56 1340 (136) 55 1295 (132) 54 1250 (127) 52 1215 (124) 51 1180 (120) 50 1160 (118) 49 1115 (114) 48 1080 (110) 47 1055 (108) 46 1025 (105) 44 1000 (102) 43 980 (100) 42 950 ( 97) 41 930 ( 95) 41 910 ( 93) 40 880 ( 90) 38 860 ( 88) 38 840 ( 86) 37 825 ( 84) 36 805 ( 82) 35 785 ( 80) 35 770 ( 79) 34 760 ( 77) 33 730 ( 75) 32 705 ( 72) 31 675 ( 69) 29 650 ( 66) 28 620 ( 63) 27 600 ( 61) 26 580 ( 59) 25 550 ( 56) 24 530 ( 54) 24 515 ( 53)
The tolerance zone is a zone held between two lines enveloping the circles of diameter t, the centers of which are situated on a theoretically exact profile line.
0.04
Profile tolerance of line
560
–
544 (500) 528 (487) 513 (475) 498 (464)
The tolerance zone is a zone held between the two surfaces enveloping the spheres of diameter t, the centers of which are situated on a theoretically exact profile surface.
0.02
Profile tolerance of surface
S φ t
484 451 455 471 442 443 458 432 432 446 421 421 434 409 409 423 400 400 412 390 390 402 381 381 392 371 371 382 362 362 372 353 353 363 344 344 354 336 336 345 327 327 336 319 319 327 311 311 318 301 301 310 294 294 302 286 286 294 279 279 286 271 271 279 264 264 272 258 258 266 253 253 260 247 247 254 243 243 248 237 237 243 231 231 238 226 226 230 219 219 222 212 212 213 203 203 204 194 194 196 187 187 188 179 179 180 171 171 173 165 165 166 158 158 160 152 152
0.01 A
The tolerance zone is a zone held between two parallel planes parallel to the datum plane and only distance t apart from each other.
Parallelism tolerance
A
φ
φ t
φ 0.01
When symbol φ is attached before the numerical value indicating the tolerance, the tolerance zone is a zone within a cylinder of diameter t perpendicular to the datum plane.
A
Orientation tolerance
Perpendicularity tolerance
A
The surface shown by the arrow of the leader line must be contained between two parallel planes which are inclined at 40° with theoretical exactness to the datum plane A and which are only 0.08mm apart from each other in the direction of the arrow of the leader line.
0.08
A
The tolerance zone is a zone held between two parallel planes inclined at the specified angle to the datum plane and a only distance t apart from each other.
Angularity tolerance
40 °
(109.0) (108.5) (108.0) (107.5) (107.0) (106.0) (105.5) (104.5) (104.0) (103.0) (102.5) (101.5) (101.0)
A
φ 0.03
The point shown by the arrow of the leader line must be contained within a circle of 0.03mm diameter having its center at the true location 60mm and 100mm apart from the datum straight line A and from the datum straight line B respectively. The axis shown by the arrow of the leader line must be contained within a cylinder of 0.01mm diameter whose axis matches with the datum axial straight line A.
B
AB
The tolerance zone is a zone within a circle or sphere of diameter t having its center at the theoretically exact location (hereinafter referred to as the "true location") of the considered point.
Positional tolerance
100
true location
A
Coaxiality tolerance or Concentricity tolerance
φ 0.01
When symbol φ is attached before the numerical value indicating the tolerance, the tolerance zone is a zone within a cylinder of diameter t whose axis matches with the datum axial straight line. The tolerance zone is a zone held between two parallel planes only distance t apart from each other and arranged symmetrically about the datum median plane. The tolerance is a zone between two concentric circles whose centers matches with the datum axial straight line on any measuring plane normal to the datum axial straight line and which are only distance t apart from each other in the radial direction. The tolerance zone is a zone between two coaxial cylinders having axes matching with the datum axial straight line and only distance t apart from each other in the radial direction.
A
A
Location tolerance
The median surface shown by the arrow of the leader line must be contained between two parallel planes 0.08mm apart from each other and arranged symmetrically about the datum median plane A. The run–out in the radial direction of the cylinder surface shown by the arrow of the leader line must not exceed 0.1mm on any measuring plane normal to the datum axial straight line when the cylinder is rotated once about the datum axial straight line A–B. The total radial run–out of the cylinder surface shown by the arrow of the leader line must not exceed 0.1mm at any point on the cylinder surface when the cylinder part is rotated about the datum axial straight line A–B.
0.08 A
A
Symmetry tolerance
100.0 99.0 98.5 97.8 96.7
A － B
The surface on which the measurement is made (Measurement surface)
0.1
Circular run–out tolerance
(18)
–
–
–
–
–
(18)
surface with tolerance
(16) (14) (12) (10) ( 8) ( 6) ( 4) ( 2) ( 0)
– – – – – – – – –
95.5 93.9 92.3 90.7 89.5 87.1 85.5 83.5 81.7
– – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – –
– – – – – – – – –
(16) (14) (12) (10) ( 8) ( 6) ( 4) ( 2) ( 0)
Run–out tolerance
A
B
A － B 0.1
Total run–out tolerance
A
B
Lines used in the "Definition of tolerance zone" column indicate the following meanings: Thick solid line or broken line: Shape Thin alternate long and short dash line: Center line Thick alternate long and short dash line : Datum Thin alternate long and two short dashes line: Supplementary projection plane or sectional plane Thin solid line or broken line: Tolerance zone
T hick alternate long and two short dashes line: Projection of a shape to supplementary projection plane or sectional plane
Notes: (1) The figures in blue are based on Table 1 of ASTM E 140 (adjusted by SAE/ASM/ASTM in collaboration). (2) The values and units in parentheses have been converted from psi based on conversion tables of JIS Z 8413 and Z 8438. Moreover, 1MPa = 1N/mm 2 (3) The figures in parentheses in the table are less–frequently used values and are for reference only.
1219
1220
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